Masking in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Masking—also known as camouflaging—is a coping strategy many autistic adults use to blend into neurotypical environments. It involves consciously or unconsciously suppressing autistic traits and mimicking socially accepted behaviours. While often used as a way to fit in, masking can come with significant emotional, psychological, and physical costs.
What Is Masking?
Masking may include:
- Forcing eye contact despite discomfort
- Mimicking social gestures, facial expressions, or tone of voice
- Repressing stimming behaviours (e.g., hand flapping, rocking)
- Over-preparing conversations or scripts
- Suppressing sensory needs or emotional reactions
For many autistic adults, masking becomes second nature—often starting in childhood—and can be especially common in women, nonbinary people, and late-diagnosed individuals.
Why Do Adults with ASD Mask?
Masking is often a response to:
- Social pressure to conform to neurotypical norms
- Fear of rejection, ridicule, or misunderstanding
- Desire to succeed at work, school, or in relationships
- Past trauma or bullying
While masking can sometimes help individuals navigate challenging environments or avoid discrimination, it can also lead to significant stress and identity confusion.